Driving-gear



2 Sheets-Sheet 1, P. HART.

DRIVING GEAR.

(No Model.)

No. 560,389; Patenfied New 26, 1895.'

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(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

I. HART. DRIVING GEAR.

Nd. 550,389. PatentedNom-ZG, 1895.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

FREDERICK HART, OF POUGHKEEPSIE, NEW YORK.

DRIVING-GEAR.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 550,389, dated November 26, 1895.

Application filed 3 m 10, 1895.

T whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, FREDERICK HART, a subject of the Queen of Great Britain, residing at Poughkeepsie, in the county of Dutchess and State of New York,'have invented a new and useful Improvement in Driving-Gears, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to a driving gear which is more particularly designed for driving, by an electric motor, lathes and other Inachines in which the movement of the rotating 1 parts is required to be reversible or in which the speed is required to be variable.

versed, or both, while the motor runs in the same direction and with uniform speed; also, so that the pressure on the friction-wheels which transmits the motion is in proportion to the power which is transmitted.

In the accompanying drawings, consisting of two sheets, Figure 1 is a fragmentary rear elevation, partly in section, of a lathe provided with my improved driving-gear. Fig. 2 is a top plan view thereof, partly in section. Fig. 3 is a vertical cross-section in line 3 3, Fig. 2. Fig. 4 is a fragmentary horizontal section of the reversing-gear, on an enlarged scale, in line 4 4, Fig. 1. Fig. 5 isavertical section, on an enlarged scale, in line 5 5, Fig. 1.

Like letters of reference refer to like parts in the several figures.

A represents the bed of the lathe; B, the

- the head-stock; C, the mandrel or spindle 1 which carries the work to be turned; D, the

gear-wheel mounted on the mandrel and coupled therewith, and E the counter-shaft provided with a gear-wheel E, which meshes 7 in a bearing f in the head-stock and near its opposite end in a bearing-sleeve G. This Serial No. 545,130. (No model.)

sleeve is rigidly secured to the upper end of a standard g, which latter is arranged upon a bracket g, secured to the rear side of the head-stock.

H H represent two driven friction-disks which are secured to the intermediate shaft f on opposite sides of the bearing-sleeve and which partake of the rotary and longitudinal movement of said shaft.

I I represent two driving frictiondisks which are adapted to be coupled or uncoupled, respectively, with the driven friction-disks H H for driving the same in either direction. These driving friction-disks are journaled on the bearing-sleeve onopposite sides of the standard 9 and inside of the driven frictiondisks and are provided with friction-faces z' t", of Wood or similar material, adapted to bear against the faces of the driven friction-disks H H. The driving friction-disks are held against movement from each other or toward the ends of the bearing-sleeve by thrust-bearings J 'J Fig. 4, each of which consists of inner and outer cones or collars jj, arranged upon the bearing-sleeve between one of the driving friction-disks and its opposing driven disk, and an annular row of balls 7' interposed between the inner and outer cones and seated in ball-races formed in the opposing sides of the cones. Each of the inner cones j bears against the outer side of the adjacent driving-disk, while its companion outer cone j bears against a screw-nut 7' arranged upon the adjacent screw-threaded outer end of the bearing-sleeve.

K represents an electric motor, of any suitable construction, having its driving-shaft extending radially between the driving friction-disks. This motor is mounted on a baseplate which is provided, adjacent to the bearing-sleeve G with an upturned arm carrying a bearing k in which the end of the driving-shaft of the motor is journaled.

L represents a main friction-wheel mounted on the driving-shaft 7c and bearing with opposite sides against the driving friction-disks. Upon starting the motor the friction-Wheel L turns the driving-disks I I in opposite directions. As represented in Figs. 2, 3, and 4, the driven friction-disk II bears against the driving friction-disk I while the driven frictiondisk H is out of en 'a ement with the drivin b O b friction-disk I, which causes the intermediate shaft and connectin g parts to turn in the same direction as the driving-disk 1. Upon shifting the intermediate shaft f lengthwise, so that the driven disk H is moved out of engagement with the driving-disk I, and the driven disk H is moved into engagement with the driving-disk I, the intermediate shaft and the connecting parts will be turn ed in the opposite direction. The driven disks and the intermediate shaft may be moved lengthwise for reversing the movement of the lathe by means of a hand-lever M, Figs. 2 and 3, which is pivoted on the front side of the headstock and connected with the front end of the intel-mediate shaft in such manner that the latter is compelled to move lengthwise upon shifting the hand-lever, but is free to turn thereon.

The friction-wheel L is connected with the driving-shaft 7; by means of a feather, which compels the wheel to turn with the shaft,whi-le permitting the same to move lengthwise on the shaft. hen the friction-wheel engages with the marginal portions of the drivingdisks, as represented in the drawings, the iatter are rotated by the friction-wheel at a comparatively slow speed,while uponshifti-n-g the friction-wheel on the driving-shaft inwardly toward the axis of the driving-disks the speed of the latter will be proportionately increased, while the friction-wheel rotates with the same speed.

N, Figs. 1 and 2, represents a transverse rock shaft whereby the friction wheel is shifted. This shaft is journa led with its front portion in the head-stock and with its rear end in the base-plate of the motor. end of the rock-shaft is provided with a shifting-arm n, which is loosely connected with the hub of the main friction-wheel L, and the front end of the rock-shaft is provided with a l1and-lever 01, whereby said shaft is turned for shifting the friction-wheel L.

In order to permit the friction-wheel L to bear firmly against the driving friction-disks and adjust itself to any variations in the position of the parts produced by wear of the thrust-bearings or the faces of the frictiondisks, the motor, friction-wheel, and the driving-shaft are yieldingly supported. For this purpose the base-plate k of the motor is raised slightly above the supporting-braclretg and supported on the latter by a flexible plate of steel 0, Figs. 1 and 5. vertically 011 edge and parallel with the driving-motor shaft and permits the motor, its shaft, and the friction wheel Z, mounted thereon, to move laterally to a limited extent by the bending or flexing of this supportin-gplate, which latter operates as a flexible support for these parts.

P represents an auxiliary friction -wheel which is arranged between the driving friction-disks diametrically opposite the main friction-wheel L, and which is adapted to be driven by bearing with opposite sides against the driving friction disks. The auxiliary by the hand-lever n.

The rear This plate is arranged friction-wheel is mounted upon a shaft 19, which is arranged radially between the drivin g friction-disks. The shaft 10 is journaled in a bifurcated frame 19, which is pivoted at its lower end to the bracket g, so as to permit the auxiliary friction wheel to move slightly laterally by the rocking of this bifurcated frame on its pivot. The auxiliary friction-wheel is connected with the shaft 1) by a feather to permit said wheel to be .shifted lengthwise on the shaft, but compels the same to turn therewith. Upon shifting the auxiliary friction-wheel lengthwise on the shaft p the speed of this wheel may be varied.

Q represents a transverse rock-shaft journaled in bearings q q, secured, respectively, to the bracket and the head-stock. The rockshaft Q is provided at its rear end with a shifting-arm (1 which is loosely connected with the hub of the auxiliary friction-wheel and at the front end with a hand-lever g for shifting the auxiliary friction-wheel in the same manner as the main friction-wheel is shifted The motion derived from the auxiliary friction-wheel may be utilized for any purpose. As shown in the drawings, this movement is transmitted to the feedscrew or spindle R by means of a belt 1', passing around pulleys r1' mounted, respectively, on the ends of the shaft 19 and spindle R, thereby feeding the tool connected with I the spindle over the article which is being operated upon. 4

The direction in which the threads of the worm f trend such that when the parts are in the position shown in Figs. 2, 3, and 4 the resistance of the load upon the lathe causes the worm, while working against the wormwheel as an abutment, to force the intermediate shaft lengthwise in the direction of the arrow, Fig. 4. This causes the pressure of the load to .be transmitted successively from the intermediate shaft to the driven frictiondisk I- I, driving friction-disk I, friction-wheels L P, friction-wheel i, thrust-bearing J, stationary bearing-sleeve G, and standard g. Upon shifting the intermediate shaft by the hand-lever M, so that the driven disk 11 bears against the driving-disk I, the resistance of the load upon the worm f causes theintermediate shaft to be pressed in a direction opposite to that of the arrow in 4, which pressure is transmitted successively from the intermediate shaft to the driven disk ll, driving-disk I, friction-wheels L P, disk I, thru stbearing J, stationary bearingsleeve G, and standard g.

When the load upon the lathe is light, the frictional contact between the friction-disks and wheels is comparatively light; but this contact becomes proportionately greater as the load upon the lathe increases, thereby automatically varying the frictional contact between the parts according to the load upon the lathe and avoiding undue wear upon the parts. In other words, the pressure between the friction-wheels is in proportion to the power which is transmitted, so that when there is little power transmitted there is correspondingly little pressure against the frictionwheels and correspondingly little friction and wear. When the lathe is at rest, the intermediate shaft can be shifted lengthwise for reversing the driving-gear by simply turning the article which is operated upon in the proper direction, which movement is transmitted by the intermediate mechanism to said shaft.

For some purposes, and where it is not desired to shift the driving and driven wheels toward and from the axis of the driving-disks, the friction faces may be replaced by toothed faces.

I claim as my inventionl. The combination with a motor provided with a driving wheel, of two driving disks bearing against opposite sides of the driving wheel and rotated thereby in opposite directions, and driven disks secured to the driven shaft and capable of lengthwise movement therewith, one of the driven disks moving toward its opposing driving disk while the other driven disk moves from its opposing driving disk, whereby the driven shaft is rotated in opposite directions by engaging one or the other of said driven disks with the opposing driving disk, substantially as set forth.

2. The combination with a motor provided with a driving wheel, of two driving disks bearing against opposite sides of the driving wheel and rotated thereby in opposite directions, driven disks mounted on the driven shaft to face the driving disks and capable of movement toward and from the driving disks, and a driven wheel and shaft arranged between said driving disks, substantially as set forth.

3. The combination with the bearing sleeve.

bearing sleeve and bearing with their inner sides against opposite sides of the driving wheel, and two driven disks secured to the driven shaft and adapted to bear against the outer sides of the driven disks, substantially as set forth.

4. The combination with the bearing sleeve and the driven shaft journaled in said sleeve and capable of moving lengthwise therein, of a driving shaft arranged at right c ngles to the bearing sleeve and provided with a driving wheel, two driving disks journaled on the bearing sleeve and bearing with their inner sides against opposite sides of the driving wheel, thrust bearings arranged on the bearing sleeve and resisting the outward movement of the driving disks, and driven disks secured to the driven shaft and adapted to bear against the outer sides of the driving disks, substantially as set forth.

5. The combination with the bearing sleeve and the driven shaft j ournaled in said sleeve and capable of moving lengthwise therein, of a driving shaft arranged at right angles to the driven shaft and provided with a driving wheel, two driving-disks journaled upon said sleeve and bearing with their inner sides against opposite sides of the driving wheel, two driven disks secured to the driven shaft and adapted to bear againstthe outer sides of the driving disks, and two thrust bearings which resist the outward movement of the driving disks, each bearing consisting of inner and outerball cones surrounding the bearing sleeve and bearing respectively against the outer side of the adjacent driving disk and a screw nut applied to a screw-threaded portion of the bearing sleeve and a row of balls interposed between the ball cones, substantially as set forth.

6. The combination with a driven gear provided with a worm wheel and a driven shaft capable of rotary and lengthwise movement and provided with a worm which meshes with said worm wheel, of a driven friction disk secured to the driven shaft, and a driving friction wheel bearing against said driven disk, whereby the action of the worm upon the worm wheel causes a lengthwise shifting of the driven shaft and an increased or re duced pressure of the driven disk against the driving wheel as the resistance of the driven gear increases gg' decreases, substantially as set forth.

7. The combination with a motor shaft and its stationary support, of a flexible supporting plate arranged on edge parallel with said shaft and secured respectively to the stationary support and to the part in which the motor shaft is mounted, whereby the motor shaft is enabled to move laterally with reference to the stationary support, substantially as set forth.

8. The combination with a stationary sup port and the motor provided with a base ar= ranged above said support and with a driv ing shaft carryinga friction wheel, of a flexible plate arranged on edge parallel with the driving shaft and connecting the motorbase' with the stationary support, and friction disks bearing against opposite sides of the friction wheel, substantially as set forth.

9. The combination with the driving shaft provided with a driving wheel capable of sliding thereon, and means whereby said driving wheel is adjusted on said shaft, of a driven shaft arranged at right angles to the driving shaft, two driving disks bearing against opposite sides of the driving wheel, and two driven disks secured to the driven shaft and adapted to bear against the driving disks, substantially as set forth.

Witness my hand this 18th day of March,

FREDERICK HART.- Witnesses:

J. S. VAN CLEEF, WM. J. KENNEDY. 

